There are various types of kidney disease. Kidneys are the most important internal organ of the human body. The kidneys are the size of your fist. Its prime function is to promote the excretion process in the body with the help of the urination process.

The person who has high blood pressure or is affected with diabetes possesses a higher chance of being affected by any type of kidney disease. Basically, it is the progressive disease that can lead to renal failure.

The various types of kidney disease
Basically, kidney disease is classified on the basis of the causes of its occurrence, such as side effects due to medications, injuries, and a person’s genetics. Some types of this disease, along with its treatment options, are given below:

Alport syndrome
This is a type of disease that affects the kidney genetically. It can be characterized by other health complications like eye abnormalities and hearing loss. Gradually, it promotes the inability of the kidney’s functions. The person who is affected with this disease will experience bloody urine, which is also known as hematuria. There are no specific treatments for this disease. But ARB medicines and ACE inhibitors can be taken to reduce the severity of symptoms and high blood pressure.

Kidney stone
It is another type of kidney abnormality, though it is not a disease per se. It is a condition in which the calcium compounds that are insoluble get accumulated and form a hard mass that is often referred to as kidney stones. In general, kidney stones are of four types. They are cystine, struvite, uric acid, and calcium. The different ways of treating kidney stones are ureteroscopy, tunnel surgery, lithotripsy, and oral medication.

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD)
PKD refers to the bunch of cysts that develop automatically in any kidney. It is an inherited disorder that gradually results in enlarging of the kidneys and leads to failure in functioning. These cysts are filled with fluid and are often non-cancerous. Oral medication is the only way for reducing the symptoms from the body. Other treatment options include kidney transplantation and dialysis.

IgA Nephropathy (Berger’s disease)
Berger’s disease is a kidney disease that occurs in the body when the immunoglobulin (IgA) antibody accumulates in the kidney. It leads to inflammation of the kidneys. Gradually, as a result of this, the kidneys will be unable to filter waste materials from the blood. Tests at regular intervals are necessary for monitoring one’s kidney health. Oral medications, especially immune suppressants, are reliable and effective for treating Berger’s disease.

Glomerulonephritis
This type of kidney disease directly and severely affects the kidney, which leads to inflammation. It is mainly caused by the malfunctioning of the immune system of the body. It forms tiny structures in the blood vessels in the kidney. Oral medications such as ARB, ACE inhibitors, and the medicine that lowers the blood pressure can be helpful for its treatment.

There are several other types of kidney diseases that can badly affect the kidney and its functions. Whenever you experience any unusual symptoms, you should consult a nephrologist.